3児の親さん薬剤師のブログ

とある薬剤師です。感染症治療を考える素材をちょこっと提供。noteもあります https://note.com/twin1980

トップ > Lancet

Lancet

トシリズマブについて

COVD-19 Lancet

どうでしょうか。 免疫を下げて良いのか悪いのか？ サイトカインストームに対して強力な火消し剤です。 追加の報告が待たれます。 IL-6経路阻害薬 トシリズマブはインターロイキン（IL）-6受容体阻害薬であり、リウマチ性疾患およびサイトカイン放出症候群に…

Oseltamivir plus usual care versus usual care for influenza-like illness in primary care: an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial

Lancet RCT

2019年12月 Lancet に報告された、OseltamivirのRCT。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)32982-4/fulltext

Bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide versus dolutegravir, abacavir, and lamivudine for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection (GS-US-380-1489): a double-blind, multicentre, phase 3, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.

Lancet RCT Phases3 HIV

2017年にLancetで報告された、抗HIV薬による治療経験がない成人HIV-1感染症患者を対象としたGS-US-380-1489試験。 ビクタルビ配合錠群（Bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide）vs ABC/DTG/3TC群。 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28…

Biomarker-guided antibiotic stewardship in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAPrapid2): a randomised controlled trial and process evaluation

Lancet RCT Biomarker-guided：procalcitonin etc

Lancet Resp Med に報告されたRCT。VAPrapid2。 バイオマーカーガイド抗菌薬治療の研究はやってますね。 今回は、IL-1βおよびIL-8。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(19)30367-4/fulltext

Once-daily oral omadacycline versus twice-daily oral linezolid for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (OASIS-2): a phase 3, double-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial

Lancet new drug RCT Phases3

LIDに報告されたOASIS-2。P3。 ABSSSIに対して、oral omadacycline vs oral linezolid 7–14 days。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(19)30275-0/fulltext

Contact precautions in single-bed or multiple-bed rooms for patients with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Dutch hospitals: a cluster-randomised, crossover, non-inferiority study

Antibiotic resistance ICT Lancet RCT

LIDにオランダから報告された、個室と複数ベッド室は接触感染に違いあるの試験。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(19)30262-2/fulltext

Gentamicin compared with ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhoea (G-ToG): a randomised non-inferiority trial.

Lancet RCT

Lancet、イギリスで実施された淋病に対するRCT. GM 240mg vs CTRX 500mg 単回筋注 + AZM2g 単回内服 The primary outcome ： clearance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae at all initially infected sites, defined as a negative nucleic acid amplification test …

Solithromycin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated genital gonorrhoea (SOLITAIRE-U): a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial

Lancet Phases3 RCT new drug

LIDから報告された、性感染症に対するソリスロマイシン vs CTRX + AZM のP3 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(19)30116-1/fulltext

Short-course primaquine for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial

Lancet RCT

Lancetから報告された、三日熱マラリア原虫に対する、primaquine 7日 または14日をプラセボと比較した非劣勢試験。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)31285-1/fulltext

An environmental cleaning bundle and health-care-associated infections in hospitals (REACH): a multicentre, randomised trial

Lancet RCT ICT

LIDに報告された、REACHトライアル。 環境整備バンドル https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30714-X/fulltext

Prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of infection after operative vaginal delivery (ANODE): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

RCT SSI Lancet

Lancetに報告された、ANODEトライアル。 operative vaginal birth at 36 weeks gestation or later. a single dose of intravenous amoxicillin and clavulanic acid placebo (saline) Primary outcome data were missing for 195 (6%) women. Significantly…

Efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone at home versus intravenous flucloxacillin in hospital for children with cellulitis (CHOICE): a single-centre, open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial

Lancet RCT

LIDに報告された、CHOICE試験。 小児蜂窩織炎に対する在宅CTRX vs 病院fluclxacillin。 単施設RCT、非劣勢の検討。 ・CTRX (50 mg/kg once daily) ・flucloxacillin (50 mg/kg every 6 h) https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(…

Effect of carbapenem resistance on outcomes of bloodstream infection caused by Enterobacteriaceae in low-income and middle-income countries (PANORAMA): a multinational prospective cohort study

Lancet Antibiotic resistance

LIDから報告されたPANORAMA試験。 新興国における、カルバペネム耐性腸内細菌BSIのアウトカムについて。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30792-8/fulltext

Use of ribaxamase (SYN-004), a β-lactamase, to prevent Clostridium difficile infection in β-lactam-treated patients: a double-blind, phase 2b, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Clostridioides difficile infection Lancet RCT new drug

LIDに報告された、CDI予防薬のribaxamaseについてのplacebo RCT P2 www.sciencedirect.com

Cadazolid for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection: results of two double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority, randomised phase 3 trials

Lancet RCT Phases3 Clostridioides difficile infection

LIDからP3 RCT Patients received either oral cadazolid 250 mg twice daily with vancomycin-matching placebo capsule four times daily or oral vancomycin 125 mg four times a day with cadazolid-matching placebo suspension twice daily for 10 day…

インフルエンザ 治療 RCT (2016-2018) 振り返る

NEJM Lancet JAMA Phases3 RCT

インフルエンザシーズンなので、 2016からの有名なインフルエンザRCT論文をピックアップ。

Substitution of ethambutol with linezolid during the intensive phase of treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective, multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial

Lancet RCT M. tuberculosis infection

LIDに報告された、肺結核に対するLZDのP2 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30480-8/fulltext

Cefiderocol versus imipenem-cilastatin for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections caused by Gram-negative uropathogens: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial

Lancet RCT new drug

LIDに報告された、APEKS-cUTI試験。 15国、P2、 RCT / non-inferiority (15% and 20% margins)。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30554-1/fulltext

Ciprofloxacin for 7 days versus 14 days in women with acute pyelonephritis: a randomised, open-label and double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial.

Lancet Duration RCT

2012年 Lancet に報告された、腎盂腎炎治療期間の検討。 先日、医師とディスカッション。

Effectiveness of targeted enhanced terminal room disinfection on hospital-wide acquisition and infection with multidrug-resistant organisms and Clostridium difficile: a secondary analysis of a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial with crossover

ICT Lancet

LIDに報告された、ハイリスクな病室におけるUV効果の検討。 BETR Disinfection study www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Comparative efficacy of treatments for Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Lancet Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Clostridioides difficile infection

LIDに報告された、CDI治療に関する治療法比較のネットワークメタ。 24試験、13治療法をごちゃっと。 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for adults with repeated urinary tract infections (AnTIC): a randomised, open-label trial

Antibiotic resistance Lancet RCT

LIDに報告された、AnTIC trial。 UTIを繰り返す成人に対する、小用量予防抗菌薬のRCT。 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30279-2/fulltext

Treatment and secondary prophylaxis with ethanol lock therapy for central line-associated bloodstream infection in paediatric cancer: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial

Lancet RCT

LIDに報告された、小児がん患者CLABSIに対するエタノールロック療法 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30224-X/fulltext

Colistin alone versus colistin plus meropenem for treatment of severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram negative bacteria: an open-label, randomised controlled trial

Antibiotic resistance Adverse Events Lancet RCT

LIDに報告された、CR-GNRに対する、Colistin vs Colistin + MEPM のRCT

Ceftazidime-avibactam versus meropenem in nosocomial pneumonia, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (REPROVE): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 non-inferiority trial

Lancet Phases3 RCT

LIDに報告されたVAPを含む肺炎に対するRCTです。

Extended-pulsed fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection in patients 60 years and older (EXTEND): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3b/4 trial

Lancet Clostridioides difficile infection RCT Phases3

LIDに報告された、CDIに対する、Extended-pulsed fidaxomicin vs vancomycinのP3b/4

Oseltamivir, amantadine, and ribavirin combination antiviral therapy versus oseltamivir monotherapy for the treatment of influenza: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 2 trial

Lancet RCT Combination therapy

LIDに発表されたインフルエンザ治療のPⅡ。 combination of oseltamivir, amantadine, and ribavirin VS oseltamivir http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(17)30476-0/fulltext

Glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6 infection in adults with compensated cirrhosis (EXPEDITION-1): a single-arm, open-label, multicentre phase 3 trial

Lancet Phases3

LIDに報告された、Glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6 infection in adults with compensated cirrhosis (EXPEDITION-1)。単一アーム、オープンラベル、多施設第3相試験。 http://www.thelancet.com/jo…

Hospital antimicrobial stewardship: the way forward

ASP Lancet Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Clostridioides difficile infection

LIDで発表された Effect of antibiotic stewardship on the incidence of infection and colonisation with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis http://www.thelancet.com/journals…

Enteral versus parenteral early nutrition in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group study (NUTRIREA-2)

Lancet RCT

Lancetに発表された、ショックを伴う人口呼吸器管理の成人における早期の静脈栄養 vs 経腸栄養：ランダム化、制御、多施設、オープンラベル（NUTRIREA-2）. http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32146-3/fulltext